Sunday, July 22, 2012

Facing Discouragement


When all you know is discouragement
Seven ways to overcome discouragement



Sermon statement
The way to deal with discouragement is to take the word courage out and uses it. We overcome discouragement when we realise that (1) nothing happens according to our plans; (2) we need to be realistic in our expectations; (3) avoid dwelling on discouragements alone; (4) controlling our emotions; (5) not to give up; (6) that a closed door may leads to many open doors; and that our God is bigger than all our problems.

Introduction
Discouragement occurs when you did not get what you want. You may be hoping for a A++ grade in your exams and all you get is a A+ and you get discouraged. Your friend, who always has been getting Cs, getting a A+ is a great encouragement. What are some of the areas we experience discouragement?
  • Studies
  • Grades
  • Physical appearances
  • Spiritual life
  • Relationship
  • Friendship
  • Parents

Life of David
As a young man, David was a shepherd who was anointed king by the prophet Samuel. Saul was king then and it took many years before David could be king. David served as a musician to King Saul for many years. Even after he killed Goliath, David was not appreciated by King Saul. In his later life King Saul became increasing paranoid and even tried to kill David with a spear. David had to flee for his life and live a life of banditry.

Do you want to be king?
Later, as king, David had to rule over a nation of people who are self-centred and rebellious. Like today, evil men seem to be in control. King David faced threat to his life and his throne. It must be very discouraging to be king.


Text: Psalm 11:1-7

     Psalm 11

For the director of music. Of David.

  1 In the LORD I take refuge.
    How then can you say to me:
    "Flee like a bird to your mountain.

                 2 For look, the wicked bend their bows;
                 they set their arrows against the strings
                 to shoot from the shadows
                at the upright in heart.

 3 When the foundations are being destroyed,
                                 what can the righteous do?"

                                                                                        PS 11:4 The LORD is in his holy temple;
    the LORD is on his heavenly throne.
  He observes the sons of men;
    his eyes examine them.

                                5 The LORD examines the righteous,
                                but the wicked and those who love violence
                                his soul hates.

                 6 On the wicked he will rain
                fiery coals and burning sulfur;
                 a scorching wind will be their lot.

  7 For the LORD is righteous,
    he loves justice;
    upright men will see his face.


David expresses confidence in God even though wickedness appeared to be so very strong. David was facing a national crisis that threatened to overturn the stability of the nation of Israel. All around him, the moral foundations of the people were crumbling. This upheaval was caused by evil men who sought to do him harm. Adding to this ordeal, the people who were loyal to David panicked, counseling him to flee Jerusalem. But David remained calm and resolute, keeping his eyes on the Lord. In this hour of crisis, David determined to trust in God in spite of his circumstances. His faith, unshakable and unwavering, kept him steadfast in uncertain times.’

The psalm can be divided into two parts: the voice of discouragement (vv. 1–3) and David’s voice of courage (vv. 4–7). The first is the voice which David heard. The second is the voice with which he answered.

The voice of discouragement
The psalm begins with a note of surprise. David was trusting in the Lord in the midst of his trial (v. 1). Although his faith was well known to his friends, this did not keep them from grimly advising him to ‘Flee as a bird’ (v. 2).
To them it was all very clear. The wicked were ready to shoot ‘secretly’ (v. 2)—from the cover of darkness—at the godly.
David’s friends evidently considered his adversaries to be so numerous, so strong and so crafty that there was little hope of success against them. It appeared as if these enemies would cause the very foundations of society to be destroyed.
We often hear the same gloomy assessment that was given to David.

Wickedness is so strong and flourishing! The foundations are crumbling! All is hopeless! The righteous can do nothing to stem the tide!

3 When the foundations are being destroyed,
                                 what can the righteous do?"

David’s Response
David’s friends quite clearly expected one answer and one answer alone when they asked: ‘What can the righteous do?’ (v. 3). That answer was: nothing!
But David would have none of it! The very same logic offered to him on this occasion would have kept him from facing Goliath! David refused to yield to it then, and he here refuses it again. He does so for the very same reason, namely, his faith in God. The God who was greater than Goliath was also greater than the wicked who were seeking to destroy the foundations!
So David sets himself to remind his friends of certain key truths about God.
  • He is sovereign over all (v. 4a).
  • He is well aware of the wicked and what they are doing (v. 4b).
  • He is not ambivalent about evil but has the utmost hatred for it and in due time will bring judgment on the wicked (vv. 5–6).
  • He loves righteousness and smiles upon those who practice it (v. 7).

I believe that David has much to teach us about how to overcome discouragement even though we are not kings or queens. He can teach us how to take the courage out of discouragement.


Seven ways to overcome discouragement

1.      Nothing happens according to our plans (Prov. 21:31)
2.      Be realistic in our expectations (Prov. 24:3-4)
3.      Avoid dwelling on discouragements alone (Eccl. 4:9-12).
4.      Control your emotions (Prov. 25:28)
5.      Don’t give up (Gal. 6:9)
6.      A closed door may leads to many open doors (Gen. 50:20)
7.      Your God is bigger than your problems (Psalm 11)

1.      Nothing happens according to our plans (Prov. 21:31)
  PR 21:31 The horse is made ready for the day of battle,
    but victory rests with the LORD.

King David is a warrior-king and knows full well the power of the cavalry against the foot soldiers. The horse in these times will be equivalent of an Abrams tank today. Yet, the author of the proverb warns against being overconfident with our own planning. Basically ‘shit happens.’ Whatever can go wrong will go wrong.

Bruce Wayne in the first two Batman movies by Christopher Nolan has good intentions. He wants to fight crime in Gotham by becoming a legend of fear to the criminals. Unfortunately things did not go according to plans. In Batman Begins, the movie ended with his house burnt down. In The Dark Knight, Batman ended up being accursed as a murderer.

So we should expect things to go wrong in our lives, no matter how smart, rich or powerful we are. Things are going to go wrong. We are going to be discouraged. Discouragements are part and parcel of life. Expect discouragements and you will not be disappointed.

2.      Be realistic in our expectations (Prov. 24:3-4)
  PR 24:3 By wisdom a house is built,
    and through understanding it is established;
  PR 24:4 through knowledge its rooms are filled
    with rare and beautiful treasures.

Can we change reality to the way we want things to be? Inception is a 2010 British-American science fiction film with the elements of action heist, and thriller. Former architecture student Dominick "Dom" Cobb and business partner Arthur perform corporate espionage by dreaming and using an experimental military-developed machine to infiltrate the subconscious of their targets and extract information, their latest target being powerful Japanese businessman Saito. The movie suggests that we can change ourselves by implanting suggestions in our self conscious through our dreams. We all have a need to change ourselves. But we need to have a realistic expectation as to who or whom we change ourselves into.

Beauty and youth are two of the most lucrative commodity on earth today. Everyone wants to have the beauty and youthfulness of the models and movie stars. Is that a realistic expectation? We need wisdom to set realistic goals. Otherwise we will be setting ourselves up for a fall and discouragement.

3.      Avoid dwelling on discouragement alone (Eccl. 4:9-12)
  ECC 4:9 Two are better than one,
    because they have a good return for their work:
  ECC 4:10 If one falls down,
    his friend can help him up.
But pity the man who falls
    and has no one to help him up!
ECC 4:11 Also, if two lie down together, they will keep warm.
    But how can one keep warm alone?
ECC 4:12 Though one may be overpowered,
    two can defend themselves.
  A cord of three strands is not quickly broken.

Marvel's The Avengers is a 2012 American superhero film produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures, based on the Marvel Comics superhero team of the same name. In facing the onslaught of the army of Loki and Thanatos, the heroes and heroines found that that they need one another. Only in teamwork can their combined efforts defeat their enemies.

The presence of friends who will walk with us during our discouragement cannot be underestimated. The Preacher recognizes that and calls us to have friends.

4.      Control your emotions (Prov. 25:28)
  PR 25:28 Like a city whose walls are broken down
    is a man who lacks self-control.

The Incredible Hulk is a 2008 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character the Hulk. It is directed by Louis Leterrier and stars Edward Norton as Dr. Bruce Banner. It is the second film to be released in the Marvel Cinematic Universe and the fifth chronologically. This film establishes a new backstory where Banner becomes the Hulk as an unwitting pawn in a military scheme to reinvigorate the supersoldier program through gamma radiation. On the run, he attempts to cure himself of the Hulk before he is captured by General Thaddeus "Thunderbolt" Ross (William Hurt), but his worst fears are realized when power-hungry soldier Emil Blonsky (Tim Roth) becomes a similar but more bestial creature. Liv Tyler also stars as Betty Ross, Banner's love interest and General Ross' daughter. The hulk is pure rage.

If we look closely at our discouragement, we will find that feelings play a major role in expressing our not getting what we want. While there is a place for feelings (pain, sadness), there is also a place when we move beyond the feelings and look for possible solutions. Bruce Banner finds himself only when he learns to control his feelings and to integrate them.


5.      Don’t give up (Gal. 6:9)
9 Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up.

The apostle Paul reminds us not to give up because if we persist, we will succeed. If our goals are realistic, then the chances of our success are good provided we do not give up. Po from Kung Fu Panda 1 & 2 is an arrogance panda. One of his redeeming characteristics is that he never gives up.

6.      A closed door may leads to many open doors (Gen. 50:20)
20 You intended to harm me, but God intended it for good to accomplish what is now being done, the saving of many lives.

These words, spoken by Joseph whose brothers sold him into slavery in Egypt illustrate this principle perfectly. If a closed door appears, instead of standing in front of it in self pity or trying to break it down, look around instead. There may be many open doors around.


7.      Your God is bigger than your problems (Psalm 11)
This principle brings us back to the text of this sermon which is based on Psalm 11. David is effectively saying that God is greater than all his problems and ours.

Conclusion

How do we deal with discouragement? Discouragement is part of life. We can choose to remain discouraged or we can pull the courage out of discouragement and uses it to continue with our lives.

I suggest these seven ways to deal with discouragement

1.      Nothing happens according to our plans (Prov. 21:31)
2.      Be realistic (Prov. 24:3-4)
3.      Avoid dwelling on discouragements alone (Eccl. 4:9-12).
4.      Control your emotions (Prov. 25:28)
5.      Don’t give up (Gal. 6:9)
6.      A closed door may leads to many open doors (Gen. 50:20)
7.      Your God is bigger than your problems (Psalm 11)

What says you?

Sunday, March 25, 2012

Despondency in Gethsemane

Sermon statement
Jesus’ temptation in Gethsemane is the crisis point in salvation history and encourages us to watch and pray.
Text (NIV)
MT 26:36 Then Jesus went with his disciples to a place called Gethsemane, and he said to them, "Sit here while I go over there and pray." 37 He took Peter and the two sons of Zebedee along with him, and he began to be sorrowful and troubled. 38 Then he said to them, "My soul is overwhelmed with sorrow to the point of death. Stay here and keep watch with me."MT 26:39 Going a little farther, he fell with his face to the ground and prayed, "My Father, if it is possible, may this cup be taken from me. Yet not as I will, but as you will." MT 26:40 Then he returned to his disciples and found them sleeping. "Could you men not keep watch with me for one hour?" he asked Peter. 41 "Watch and pray so that you will not fall into temptation. The spirit is willing, but the body is weak."  MT 26:42 He went away a second time and prayed, "My Father, if it is not possible for this cup to be taken away unless I drink it, may your will be done."  MT 26:43 When he came back, he again found them sleeping, because their eyes were heavy. 44 So he left them and went away once more and prayed the third time, saying the same thing. MT 26:45 Then he returned to the disciples and said to them, "Are you still sleeping and resting? Look, the hour is near, and the Son of Man is betrayed into the hands of sinners. 46 Rise, let us go! Here comes my betrayer!"
Introduction: Crisis points
There are many crisis points in the history of the world. The most recent is 9/11 when two planes flew into the Twin Towers in New York. It changed the domestic and foreign policy of the United States, the sole superpower in the world today. A decision was made somewhere by the Al Qaeda terrorists to go ahead with this attack on civilian target on US soil and this decision lead to consequences that changed the modern world. 
In our Christian tradition, another crisis point was when an Augustinian monk named Martin Luther decided to stand against the Church of Rome in by nailing his Ninety Five theses on a church door in Wittenberg on 31 October 1517 and started the Reformation movement and changed the Christian world. 
Another crisis point is when God called to Moses from a burning bush in Genesis 3 and after many excuses, Moses decided to obey God to go to confront the Pharaoh and win freedom for the Hebrews people and changed the ancient religious world. 
Each of these involved a point when the final decision was made and to carry out what was decided. It involves agonising decision making. Those making the decision know of the consequences of their decision and the price they have to pay in terms of their personal sacrifices. These among many other crisis points changed the world as we know it.
The most important crisis point in human history occurred in the Garden of Gethsemane in the text we shall study today. We are in the final weeks of Lent. 
Exposition
  MT 26:36 Then Jesus went with his disciples to a place called Gethsemane, and he said to them, "Sit here while I go over there and pray."
Ø      It is probably about midnight on the Thursday of Passover week in A.D. 33 (or 30).
Ø      Jesus’ three years ministry is coming to an end
Ø      He has preached his last sermon and performed his last miracle.
Ø      He has come to fulfill his mission – to be the last and ultimate Passover lamb, the perfect and only sacrifice for the sins of the world.
37 He took Peter and the two sons of Zebedee along with him, and he began to be sorrowful and troubled. 38 Then he said to them, "My soul is overwhelmed with sorrow to the point of death. Stay here and keep watch with me."
Ø      Jesus asks his disciples to keep watch with him. Watch is in the present tense.
Ø      Why is Jesus sorrowful and troubled? Sorrowful and troubled is more than just depression or emotional turmoil that all of us experience. It means depper that that and I suggest despondency. de·spond·en·cy [dih-spon-duhn-see] means state of being despondent;  depression of spirits from loss of courage or hope; dejection. Isaiah describe the Messiah to be a “man of sorrows and acquainted with grief’ (Isa. 53:3). All his life Jesus must know about his mission, his destiny which to die for the sins of the world. Why this sudden change of heart? Why this depression? Why this inner turmoil? Is Jesus afraid of death?
Ø      I suggest that it is not physical death that Jesus is apprehensive about but that he is to become sin and be separated from the Father. To Jesus, that will be the most unbearable part of this stage of his mission.
Ø      And I also suggest that Satan has also a role to play in his despondency or inner turmoil. Matthew detailed Jesus’ temptations in the desert after fasting for forty days and nights (Matt. 4).  
            Matt. 4:11
            MT 4:11 Then the devil left him, and angels came and attended him.
            Luke added an additional comment (Luke 4:13)
                        LK 4:13 When the devil had finished all this tempting, he left him until an opportune time.
                You remember when it said after Jesus was tempted in the wilderness, "He withdrew from him until an opportune time."
                 When do you think that was? Right now, I think. And not only did he draw near. John Piper suggests
                         I’ll bet he gathered all of the most powerful members of his wicked army. You can be 
                         assured that the flaming darts that Paul mentions in Ephesians 6 were flying with volleys
                         against the soul of the Son of God as he knelt there wrestling for his faithfulness.
    MT 26:39 Going a little farther, he fell with his face to the ground and prayed, "My Father, if it is possible, may this cup be taken from me. Yet not as I will, but as you will."
Ø      My Father- Jesus usually uses the word Father or Abba. Here he uses a personal ‘my Father’.
Ø      ‘this cup’ is a metaphor for suffering and death that he was soon to face. It is also a metaphor. The imagery of ‘the cup of God’s wrath’ is more powerful and more relevant in Jesus’ case (Rev. 14:10; 16:19; Isa. 51: 17, 22).
Ø      The struggle is between ‘I will’ and ‘you [God’s] will’. Jesus has a choice. He could stop the whole thing now and run away. If he leaves the garden now, Judas would not have found him to betray him. Then he can live the rest of his life away from Jerusalem and Galilee. No one will know him. I suggest this is his temptation by Satan at this moment. Satan was whispering. ‘You don’t have to do this. You don’t have to try to save these humans who are ungrateful, stiff necked and sinful. You don’t have take on their sins and face your father’s wrath on their behalf. Don’t you have a right to yourself to live?’
Ø      John Piper notes in a similar way
John 12:27 says "Now is my soul troubled. What shall I say? 'Father, save me from this hour'? No, but for this purpose, I have come to this hour." Now I think that text tells us what the nature of the temptation was. Satan was firing volley after volley into the mind of Jesus Christ. And thoughts came into his mind from Satan, thoughts like, "This is a dead end street. Calvary is just a black hole. It’s going to hurt like nothing has ever hurt any human being ever before, and these rascals aren’t worth it, etc." These were coming out of Satan’s wicked heart into the mind of the Son of God.
    MT 26:40 Then he returned to his disciples and found them sleeping. "Could you men not keep watch with me for one hour?" he asked Peter. 41 "Watch and pray so that you will not fall into temptation. The spirit is willing, but the body is weak."
Ø      The disciples were sleeping. Sleeping is the metaphor of moral failure. Just before coming to the garden at the Passover meal (Last Supper) this all the disciples, not just Peter declared that they will never betray Jesus (Matt. 26: 31-35). Now they have betrayed Jesus because instead of watching, they are sleeping.
Ø      Jesus shared about the temptation he is feeling. The spirit may be willing but the body is weak. His weak body is being tempted by Satan. Even at this moment, Jesus is still teaching his disciples. How do you resist temptations?
Ø      Watch and pray! It is in the plural. The only effective weapon the disciples has against temptation is prayer.
    MT 26:42 He went away a second time and prayed, "My Father, if it is not possible for this cup to be taken away unless I drink it, may your will be done."
Ø      Compare Jesus’ first and second prayer:
"My Father, if it is possible, may this cup be taken from me. Yet not as I will, but as you will."
"My Father, if it is not possible for this cup to be taken away unless I drink it, may your will be done."
Ø      There seems to be a change in Jesus’ attitude. Where in the first prayer there may be a hint of bargaining, the second prayer is that of submission and obedience.
    MT 26:43 When he came back, he again found them sleeping, because their eyes were heavy. 44 So he left them and went away once more and prayed the third time, saying the same thing.
Ø      The disciples were still sleeping. Maybe Jesus realize that humankind will never to able to get rid of their sinfulness without him. Note that Jesus have stopped rebuking them.
Ø      Jesus affirmed his own decision to go through the ordeal. He prayed again the third time – similar to the three temptations in the desert.
                        "My Father, if it is possible, may this cup be taken from me. Yet not as I will, but as you will."
                        "My Father, if it is not possible for this cup to be taken away unless I drink it, may your will be done."
                        "My Father, if it is not possible for this cup to be taken away unless I drink it, may your will be done."
    MT 26:45 Then he returned to the disciples and said to them, "Are you still sleeping and resting? Look, the hour is near, and the Son of Man is betrayed into the hands of sinners. 46 Rise, let us go! Here comes my betrayer!"
Ø      The disciples are still ‘sleeping and resting.’ Jesus again did not rebuke them. John Calvin has this to say:
So far I have wasted my words on you, I shall cease urging you. But however much I may let you sleep, the enemy will not allow it you, but will force you to watch against your will (Institutes III, p.155)
Ø      In the desert, at the beginning of his ministry, Jesus uses Scripture to counter the temptations of Satan, in Gethsemane at the end of his ministry, Jesus uses his mind in decision making and prayer. Jesus made a conscious choice to be submissive to his father’s will. There is not longer despondency and turmoil. The decision is made, Jesus is at peace and is ready to face what is to come.
Ø      ‘Rise, let us go.’ The crisis is over and the final act will begin.
Lessons for us
  1. Spiritual warfare is still ongoing. There is an ongoing battle for our minds.
    1. What we allow into our minds
Paul writing to the Philippians highlights safeguards the battle for our minds. What is our antiviral screen? What is our firewall?
PHP 4:8 Finally, brothers, whatever is true, whatever is noble, whatever is right, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is admirable--if anything is excellent or praiseworthy--think about such things.
    1. What we feed our minds
A Cherokee Legend
An old Cherokee is teaching his grandson about life. "A fight is going on inside me," he said to the boy.
"It is a terrible fight and it is between two wolves. One is evil - he is anger, envy, sorrow, regret, greed, arrogance, self-pity, guilt, resentment, inferiority, lies, false pride, superiority, and ego." He continued, "The other is good - he is joy, peace, love, hope, serenity, humility, kindness, benevolence, empathy, generosity, truth, compassion, and faith. The same fight is going on inside you - and inside every other person, too."
The grandson thought about it for a minute and then asked his grandfather, "Which wolf will win?"
The old Cherokee simply replied, "The one you feed."
This story is also called "Grandfather Tells" which is also known as "The Wolves Within"
  1. We are to be watchful.
    1. To be watchful means to know the will of God is.
To be watchful means that we have to guard and protect our mind with the Word of God.  We have to protect our souls by putting on the armor of God.
    1. Not a sin to react emotionally
It is okay to feel depressed or sad when the situation warrens it or when you are stressed out. It is alright for Christians to be down. There is no teaching in the Bible that teaches Christians must be upbeat and happy all the time. Joy yes, but not happiness.
    1. Watch with friends
Jesus chose some close friends to be with him. Verse 37: "And taking with him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, he began to be sorrowful and troubled." He asked for their help in spiritual warfare. Verse 38, second half: "Remain here and watch with me." Another text says "pray," and another, "Don’t let yourself come into temptation; stay here and fight with me. Fight with me."
    1. Make the right decisions
  1. We are to watch and pray.
    1. We are weak
The ‘spirit is willing but the flesh is weak’ is very true and we fool ourselves when we think otherwise.
    1. We are strong only through prayers
Jesus shows us how he drew strength through prayers and talking it through with the Father. That is how we will be strong. True strength comes from empowerment from God.
Conclusion
Jesus’ temptation in Gethsemane is the crisis point in salvation history and encourages us to watch and pray.

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| sermon transcript (pdf) | Powerpoint (pdf) |

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Sunday, July 10, 2011

Kingdom of Heaven, Kingdoms on Earth


Christians and Governments
Text: Rom. 13:1-7

Sermon statement
Christians are to take care of the Kingdom of Heaven and let God take care of the kingdoms on earth.

Introduction

On 9th July, Bersih 2.0- a coalition of NGOs and opposition political parties held a massive rally at the nation’s capital, Kuala Lumpur. This is held in check by the Malaysian police with tear gas and water cannons.

The Bersih 2.0’s manifest is
“Only when elections are clean and fair, can citizens be real masters of their own destiny and expect holders of public office to act accountably and effectively.”

BERSIH started out as the Joint Action Committee for Electoral Reform, which was formed in July 2005, and the coalition’s objective was to push for a thorough reform of the electoral process in Malaysia.

Bersih 2.0′s call consist of 8 points. In summary, they are:

1. Clean the electoral roll
2. Reform postal ballot
3. Use of indelible ink
4. Minimum 21 days campaign period
5. Free and fair access to media
6. Strengthen public institutions
7. Stop corruption
8. Stop dirty politics

Many Christians took part in this rally.

This is a good opportunity for us to re-examine what is the relation of Christians and the government of the countries they are staying in. The apostle Paul gives us some quidelines.

Romans 13:1-7
RO 13:1 Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which God has established. The authorities that exist have been established by God. 2 Consequently, he who rebels against the authority is rebelling against what God has instituted, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves. 3 For rulers hold no terror for those who do right, but for those who do wrong. Do you want to be free from fear of the one in authority? Then do what is right and he will commend you. 4 For he is God's servant to do you good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword for nothing. He is God's servant, an agent of wrath to bring punishment on the wrongdoer. 5 Therefore, it is necessary to submit to the authorities, not only because of possible punishment but also because of conscience.

RO 13:6 This is also why you pay taxes, for the authorities are God's servants, who give their full time to governing. 7 Give everyone what you owe him: If you owe taxes, pay taxes; if revenue, then revenue; if respect, then respect; if honor, then honor.

Context of Romans 13:1-7
 Written by Paul in Corinth to the Christians in Rome in the winter of AD 56/57.
 Roman government still persecuting Christians.
 Many of the Christians in Rome have been exiled (leaving behind their homes and business).
 Nero is the emperor.
 Emperor worship still taking place.

If you think this is only Paul’s view, Peter gives a similar view.

1 Peter 2:13-17
1PE 2:13 Submit yourselves for the Lord's sake to every authority instituted among men: whether to the king, as the supreme authority, 14 or to governors, who are sent by him to punish those who do wrong and to commend those who do right. 15 For it is God's will that by doing good you should silence the ignorant talk of foolish men. 16 Live as free men, but do not use your freedom as a cover-up for evil; live as servants of God. 17 Show proper respect to everyone: Love the brotherhood of believers, fear God, honor the king.

Jesus did not come to overthrow the existing political order in spite of the prevailing view at that time that the Messiah will be a political leader. Jesus came to herald in the kingdom of heaven amongst the kingdoms of earth. It must be in this context that we understand Paul and Peter views of government and authorities over us.

Rom. 13:1-7: This passage teaches five vital principles concerning the Christian’s response to the government:

A. The Government is

1. by divine decree (v.1b).

2. an institution of God (v.2a).

3. serves to promote good (vv.3b-4a) and restrain evil (v.3a, 4b).

B. The Christian is

4. to submit through their conscience (v.5).

5. to pay taxes and whatever is due to the government (v.6,7).


1. Government is by divine decree (v.1 b.)

v.1 Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which God has established. The authorities that exist have been established by God.

First Paul says that human government is ordained by God for the benefit of society. In whatever forms it exists, civil authority derives directly from God.

6 types of government:

i. Perfect government will only come when Jesus the King returns to establish His Kingdom in all its fullness.
ii. Just government is possible where full participatory democracy is in bloom so that people elect good leaders and replace them as necessary.
iii. Mediocre government takes place if less than the best people are chosen to rule.
iv. Ineffective government happens in places where rulers are changed too frequently or the people are ungovernable for some reason.
v. Corrupt government develops when rulers assume public office mainly for private gain.
vi. Wicked government ensures when those in authority are particularly wicked, unjust and oppressive.

Like marriage, it is a universal institution of God, regardless of place, culture, race or any other circumstances.

There is no civil authority except from God. No matter what forms it takes, no matter where it is, no matter what ideology, no human government that has existed, existing or will exist , all government are under the sovereign authority of God. The entire world, everything in the heavens, on earth and under the earth are subject to the Creator. Without exception, the power that any person, group or society may possess is divinely given. How well or poorly this power is used is another matter. Paul’s point here is that this power has only one source – God.

Yet in his divine wisdom, God has permitted Satan to have vast but limited power over the world and the affairs of men. And this include governments. Many if not most government are under the influence of Satan and are a means of promoting and perpetuating satanic activity. Governments like other institutions on earth at this moments are under powers, principalities and dominions.

Governments have authority by divine decree. The autocratic, ruthless and demonic regimes of Adolf Hilter, Joseph Stalin, and Mao Tse Tung were no exceptions. The equally ruthless empires of ancient Assyria and Babylon were no exceptions. The Roman empire, ruled by caesars who declared themselves god are no exception.

2. Government is an institution of God. Rebellion to Government is rebellion against God (v.2a)

v.2 Consequently, he who rebels against the authority is rebelling against what God has instituted, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves.

The logical conclusion we can draw is that since government is an institution of God. Any rebellion against a government is a rebellion against God.

The seriousness in which God takes rebellion is illustrated in the book of Numbers. God has chosen Moses not only to be the law-giver but also to be the human leader of Israel to lead them from Egypt, through the wilderness to the Promised land.

Numbers 16: 1-3 Korah, Dathan and Abiram rebelled against Moses and Aaron. “ With them were 250 Israelite men, well-known community leaders who has been appointed members of the council. They came as a group to oppose Moses and Aaron and said to them, “You have gone too far! The whole community is holy, every one of them, and the Lord is with them. Why then do you set yourselves above the Lord’s assembly?”…v.13 “Isn’t enough that you have brought us out of a land flowing with milk and honey to kill us in the desert? And now you also want to lord over us?” They are questioning Moses and Aaron’s authority. And God was so angry that “the ground under them split apart and swallowed Korah’s men and their household and fire came out of the Lord and consumed 250 rebels”.

The next day, the whole Israelite community grumbled against Moses and Aaron. They were still defiant. The Lord then send a plague which killed 14,700 people (v.49). Had not Aaron made atonement, the whole community would have perished!

God takes seriously any rebellion against those who challenge His appointed authority.

3. Government serves to promote good (vv.3b-4a) and restrain evil (v.3a, 4b)

vv.3,4 For rulers hold no terror for those who do right, but for those who do wrong. Do you want to be free from fear of the one in authority? Then do what is right and he will commend you. For he is God’s servant to do you good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword for nothing. He is God’s servant, an agent of wrath to bring punishment on the wrongdoer.

Paul then described the purpose of government. The government has a dual purpose- to promote good and restrain evil. Government is the God ordained vehicle to promote good and restrain evil in human society.


i. Promote good

To promote good is to promote order. The opposite of order is anarchy. Anarchy means there is no rules and everyone does whatever they want. Look at Indonesia when the government could not maintain order- the killing and raping, the destruction of properties. Look at Bosnia and Kosovo. Judges 21:25 “ In those days Israel has no king; everyone did as he saw fit “(NIV)

ii. Restrain evil

In order to promote and protect the good in society, human government must punish evil. Consequently, those who do what is evil have reason to be afraid. Because the sword is an instrument of death, the weapon here symbolized the right of civil government to inflict punishment, including the death penalty for crimes that deserve it.

To restrain evil, there must be a code of law that applies equally to everybody, rich or poor, black or white, educated or illiterate. No one can be above the law.

Interestingly, rulers are called God’s servant. This means that our Prime Minister is God’s servant whether he knows it or not and he is carrying out God’s divine purpose whether he acknowledges it or not.

4. Christian to submit through conscience (v.5)

v. 5 Therefore, it is necessary to submit to authorities, not only because of possible punishment but also because of conscience.

Does vv.1-4 means that Christians must submit to whatever government they are under – whether good or bad?

Submit versus obey

v.5 comments on the above section on government. Here Paul is saying that the authority given to human government is not absolute. Submission is based on conscience. Conscience here refers to the Christian’s knowledge of God’s will and purposes.

When Jesus was asked a trick question about paying tax, He replied, “ Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s and to God what is God’s.” (Mark 12:17)

So what are the limitations to the authority of human government?

When it is contrary to God’s law. Disobedience to God’s Word.
When rulers give orders which are contrary to God’s law, for example, by ordering the killing of newborns (Exodus 1)

Exod. 1:17-20
17 The midwives, however, feared God and did not do what the king of Egypt had told them to do; they let the boys live. 18 Then the king of Egypt summoned the midwives and asked them, "Why have you done this? Why have you let the boys live?"

EX 1:19 The midwives answered Pharaoh, "Hebrew women are not like Egyptian women; they are vigorous and give birth before the midwives arrive."

EX 1:20 So God was kind to the midwives and the people increased and became even more numerous. 21 And because the midwives feared God, he gave them families of their own.

Dan. 1:12-15
DA 1:8 But Daniel resolved not to defile himself with the royal food and wine, and he asked the chief official for permission not to defile himself this way. 9 Now God had caused the official to show favor and sympathy to Daniel, 10 but the official told Daniel, "I am afraid of my lord the king, who has assigned your food and drink. Why should he see you looking worse than the other young men your age? The king would then have my head because of you."

DA 1:11 Daniel then said to the guard whom the chief official had appointed over Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah, 12 "Please test your servants for ten days: Give us nothing but vegetables to eat and water to drink. 13 Then compare our appearance with that of the young men who eat the royal food, and treat your servants in accordance with what you see." 14 So he agreed to this and tested them for ten days.


DA 1:15 At the end of the ten days they looked healthier and better nourished than any of the young men who ate the royal food. 16 So the guard took away their choice food and the wine they were to drink and gave them vegetables instead.

DA 1:17 To these four young men God gave knowledge and understanding of all kinds of literature and learning. And Daniel could understand visions and dreams of all kinds.

Acts 4:18-20
AC 4:18 Then they called them in again and commanded them not to speak or teach at all in the name of Jesus. 19 But Peter and John replied, "Judge for yourselves whether it is right in God's sight to obey you rather than God. 20 For we cannot help speaking about what we have seen and heard."

Christians must say: “We must obey God rather than men” (Acts 5:29)


5. Christian is to pay taxes and whatever is due (v.6,7)

vv.6,7 This is also why you pay taxes, for authorities are God’s servants, who gives their full time in governing. Give everyone what you owe him; if you owe taxes, pay taxes; if revenue, then revenue; if respect, then respect; if honor then honor.

No one enjoys paying tax. But taxes are part of everyday life and we as Christians must pay our taxes.


When God established the nation of Israel, He also instituted a taxation system:

i. Tithe or a tenth (Lev 27:30) This tithe is given to the support of the priestly tribe of Levite which had no land allocated to it and has no support. It is also called the Levite’s tithe.
ii. Annual Festival Tithe. Used for sacrifices, for supporting the tabernacle and then the temple, for cultivating social and cultural life, and for fostering national unity (Deut. 12:10-19)
iii. Triennial Tithe. Levied every three years (about 3.3% per annum) to help the aliens, the orphans and the widows.
iv. Annual half-shekel Tax. Levied on every male Israelite twenty years and above as a contribution to the Lord.(Ex 30:14)
v. At the end of every harvest, Jews were required to leave some of their crops unharvested, allowing the remainder to be gleaned by the poor (Lev 19:10)
vi. Every seventh year, cultivated land is to be left fallow. Whatever crop that comes up is to be left for the poor and what remained was left for livestock to each.

The total of all these six taxes, all of which are mandately amounted to 24% per year. The taxes are for governmental administrative costs, religious costs and social welfare.

Lessons for us

Titus 3:1-2
TIT 3:1 Remind the people to be subject to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, to be ready to do whatever is good, 2 to slander no one, to be peaceable and considerate, and to show true humility toward all men.

1 Thess. 4:11-12
1TH 4:11 Make it your ambition to lead a quiet life, to mind your own business and to work with your hands, just as we told you, 12 so that your daily life may win the respect of outsiders and so that you will not be dependent on anybody.

We as Christians are required to give the government their due.

i. Taxes
ii. Services

Some government may require some additional services. Singapore have compulsory national service for their youth. Malaysia requires all doctors to do three years of compulsory service after their housemanship.

iii. Prayers

We are required to pray for our government whether we like it or not. Jeremiah in writing to the Jews in exile in Jer. 29:7-9

7 Also, seek the peace and prosperity of the city to which I have carried you into exile. Pray to the LORD for it, because if it prospers, you too will prosper." 8 Yes, this is what the LORD Almighty, the God of Israel, says: "Do not let the prophets and diviners among you deceive you. Do not listen to the dreams you encourage them to have. 9 They are prophesying lies to you in my name. I have not sent them," declares the LORD.

iv. Nation building

And work for the peace and prosperity of Babylon. Pray to the Lord for that city where you are held captive, for if Babylon has peace, so will you.” (NLT)

Mind you, this is the Babylon that destroyed the Temple and carried them into slavery and exile. Yet Jeremiah did not ask them to rebel or pray for God’s vengeance on Babylon. Instead he asked them to pray for the prosperity of Babylon.

iv. Election

The new element that we now have which Paul and the Roman Christians do not have is called participatory democracy. Abraham Lincoln’s dictum of a government by the people, of the people and for the people is now everywhere embraced, in theory if not in practice. In a democracy, we have the awesome privilege of choosing those who rule over us.

What about socio-political activities?

If we are to discern history, different governments except for the prefect government carry within them the seeds of their own destruction. All the great empires fell. Assyrian, Babylon, Rome, the Third Reich, USSR and certain form of Chinese communism all crumpled under their own corruption and evil. Is that due to the actions and street demonstrations of their people? Maybe.

I believe more in a sovereign God who lift up and destroy nations in his own perfect timing. As a student of history, I sometimes think that people movement that causes regime change by means of anarchy causes more harm and hardships to the people themselves, often innocent people. I also see that given enough time, most evil regimes will fall by the weight of their own corruption.

I often find that as Christians, we are often selective in reading and obeying the Scripture. We often take what we like and disregard what we do not. Take for example the Bersih 2.0 rally. I wonder how we can apply Romans 13:1-7 if we take part in it.

 The call for a clean and transparent electorate is good
 It is plainly an illegal gathering
 It brought the nation capital to a standstill causing inconvenience to thousands and loss of income to many
 It might have led to violence, injuries, deaths and destruction of properties
 The Agong has already responded
 The public is already aware of the issues due to the actions of the government
 Indications that it is subject to manipulation by others with their own agenda

What is the Christian ethical response to this rally? What will Jesus do (WWJD)?

I myself do not have a ready answer to this. How to reconcile Rom.13:1-7 and participation in a rally such as this? Honestly, I have no idea what Jesus would have done. What I can do is to continue to think and pray about it. Hopefully the Holy Spirit will grant me wisdom when someone decide to organise a similar rally in the future.

Conclusion

Romans 13:1-7 gives us some indication of the relation of Christians and their governments.

A. The Government is

1. by divine decree (v.1b).

2. an institution of God (v.2a).

3. serves to promote good (vv.3b-4a) and restrain evil (v.3a, 4b).

B. The Christian is

4. to submit through their conscience (v.5).

5. to pay taxes and whatever is due to the government (v.6,7).

It teaches that government is not a necessary evil that we Christians have to endure. It is appointed by God and is part of His divine plan. Christians are to take care of the Kingdom of Heaven and let God take care of the kingdoms on earth.

Soli Deo Gloria

Sunday, January 23, 2011

Praying the Jesus Way


Praying the Jesus Way
Matthew 6:5-8

Sermon Statement
Praying the Jesus way requires us to be real (authentic) pray-ers, totally committed to the act of praying. This act of praying is in communion with God, and in asking Him for our needs.


Sermon Text (Matthew 6:5-8)
“And when you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the street corners to be seen by men. I tell you the truth, they have received their reward in full.  6 But when you pray, go into your room (closet), close the door and pray to your Father, who is unseen. Then your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you.  7 And when you pray, do not keep on babbling like pagans, for they think they will be heard because of their many words.  8 Do not be like them, for your Father knows what you need before you ask him.

Introduction

Prayer is a complex yet simple subject. Prayer is complex because there are so many layers of truth about it. There are numerous books on prayers and there are also conferences and workshop you can sign up to learn about prayer. Yet prayer is simple because it is a relationship with God. So simple that even children can do it. So complex that even theologians cannot understand it.

Some disturbing truths about prayers
  • Not all prayers is good and pleasing to God

The teaching of the Pharisees includes a prayer with these words: “Blessed art thou, O Lord our God, King of the Universe, who hast not made me a gentile, … a slave, … a woman” which is quite disturbing on many levels.

  • Time spent in prayer is not necessary well spent

Prayers that include telling God what to do, teaching God about himself asking for impossible things such as asking God to reverse time.

  • God answers the prayers of Christians and non-Christians
  • For a Christian, praying should be as natural as breathing
Reformed and Anglican theologian J.I.Packer writes about this in his book, Growing in Christ:
“It is not too much to say that God made us to pray; that prayer is (not the easiest, but) the most natural activity in which we ever engage; and that prayer is the measure of us all in God’s sight.”



How to Pray the Jesus Way
  • He begins by asking us to be real (authentic) pray-er (v.5)
  • He describes the place for us to pray (v.6)
  • He describes the wrong way to pray (v.7)
  • He tells us the way (v.8-13)

Real (authentic) Pray-er (v.5)
  • Avoid praying like hypocrites

The word hypocrite is a word taken from the Greek drama. It is an actor who covered his face with a mask as he portrayed a character which is a false character, not like who the character really is. We call it “putting on a false front.” It hides our real character.

Hypocrites in the New Testament often describe a person who makes a pretense of holiness while hiding their true nature.

In true prayer as Jesus is teaching it, we must not be hypocrites because true prayer must be REAL. Hypocrites are not real.

    • Hypocrites is always marked by the flesh
    • Hypocrites are self-centered
Self-promotion, courting public opinion, condemning others
    • Hypocrites glorifies in a reputation of holiness rather than being holy
(Prov.12:22)
The LORD detests lying lips, but he delights in men who are truthful. 
(Prov. 15:8)
The LORD detests the sacrifice of the wicked, but the prayer of the upright pleases him. 

Closet Praying (v.6)
    • In closet prayer we get away from people
    • In closet prayer we get away from the world
    • In closet prayer we get away from other distractions
    • In closet prayer we set aside our mental distractions
    • In closet prayer we prepare our hearts for communion

There are two keys to closet praying. One is the preparing our hearts. We need to get away from people, the world, different types of distractions so that we can prepare our hearts.

Ezra is so highly regarded by the Jewish rabbis that they suggest that if God have not given the law to Moses, He would have given it to Ezra. These rabbis ranked Ezra second only to Moses. Why such a high ranking? Ezra 7:10 gives us a clue.

For Ezra had prepared his heart to seek the Law of the Lord, and to do it, and to teach statutes and ordinances in Israel (NKJ).

For Ezra had devoted himself to the study and observance of the Law of the LORD, and to teaching its decrees and laws in Israel (NIV).

The second key to closet prayer is also setting time aside to pray. It is so easy not have time to pray because our schedule is so full. We need to make an intentional effort to set aside block of time every day so that we can pray or what is called closet prayer. Martin Luther is well known to have said he was going to have a busy day ahead so he had to set aside three hours to pray!

We must intentionally set aside time for prayer. Abraham, Moses, Daniel and Jesus of Nazareth are all busy people. The biblical record shows that they are also men of prayer.

Genesis 18: 22
The men turned away and went toward Sodom, but Abraham remained standing before the LORD

Exodus 3:1-3
Now Moses was tending the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of Midian, and he led the flock to the far side of the desert and came to Horeb, the mountain of God.  2 There the angel of the LORD appeared to him in flames of fire from within a bush. Moses saw that though the bush was on fire it did not burn up.  3 So Moses thought, “I will go over and see this strange sight—why the bush does not burn up.”

Daniel 6:10
 Now when Daniel learned that the decree had been published, he went home to his upstairs room where the windows opened toward Jerusalem. Three times a day he got down on his knees and prayed, giving thanks to his God, just as he had done before.

Mark 1:35
Very early in the morning, while it was still dark, Jesus got up, left the house and went off to a solitary place, where he prayed

What about the Christians?
  • Charles Simeon devoted the hours from four till eight in the morning to God.
  • John Wesley spent two hours daily in prayer. He also began at four in the morning.
  • Luther said: "If I fail to spend two hours in prayer each morning, the devil gets the victory through the day. I have so much business I cannot get on without spending three hours daily in prayer."

What about Public Prayers?

The teaching here is not against public prayers. It is against hypocrites who make a show of being holiness by their praying. Public or corporate prayer is an important part of  spiritual life of the church as is private prayer an important part of our spiritual life.
o       Jesus called the Temple his “Father’s house” and a “house of prayer” (Matthew 21:13)
o       Jesus prayed in the sight of others (Lk.3:21; 10:21; 11:1)
o       Early church had public meetings (Acts 4:24-31; 12:5-12)
o       Paul talked about his prayers (Col. 2:1; Rom. 15:30; Rom. 9:2)

The Wrong Way to Pray (v.7)
  • Avoid praying like pagans

    • Use idle, mechanical or “magic” words
      • Use of secret or power word
      • mantra
    • Vain repetitions or long and verbose

True or authentic prayer is often brief. I love this story about John Hyde of India also known as “Praying Hyde.”  John Nelson Hyde (November 9, 1865-February 17, 1912) was an American missionary who preached in the Punjab.

“The American evangelist J. Wilbur Chapman told about meeting John Hyde. Knowing Hyde’s power in prayer, Chapman asked the great prayer warrior to pray for him. For five minutes they knelt together and Hyde did not utter a word. Then he lifted his face to heaven and utters just two words, “O God.” He relapsed into silent meditation for some time and then began to pray. Chapman said that Hyde prayed such a prayer for him as he had never heard before, and that God answered the petitions of that prayer in such a way that permanently changed his ministry. Hyde took time to have the glory of God fill his soul so that when he made his request it was effective because it was a prayer of faith.” (Alan Cairns, The Lord’s Prayer, Belfast: Ambassador Publications, 2004, 67)

    • Alteration of consciousness
      • Do not empty our mind like Buddhist meditations
      • Cause a trance like in 1 Kings 18:25-29 concerning the challenge of Baal priests and Elijah on Mount Carmel.

This is a power encounter. There have been no rain on Samaria (Northern Kingdom) for three and a half year and the challenge is whose God is more powerful. Yahweh or Baal. The more powerful one will of course make rain when called upon by their followers.

25 Elijah said to the prophets of Baal, “Choose one of the bulls and prepare it first, since there are so many of you. Call on the name of your god, but do not light the fire.”  26 So they took the bull given them and prepared it. Then they called on the name of Baal from morning till noon. “O Baal, answer us!” they shouted. But there was no response; no one answered. And they danced around the altar they had made.

27 At noon Elijah began to taunt them. “Shout louder!” he said. “Surely he is a god! Perhaps he is deep in thought, or busy, or traveling. Maybe he is sleeping and must be awakened.”  28 So they shouted louder and slashed themselves with swords and spears, as was their custom, until their blood flowed.  29 Midday passed, and they continued their frantic prophesying until the time for the evening sacrifice. But there was no response, no one answered, no one paid attention.


Praying the Jesus Way (v.8ff)
  • Prayer is fellowship with God
  • He will gives us what we need
    • Prayer is asking
    • Asking must be specific
  • He will restores what is lost
    • He restores our souls
    • He restores the years the locusts have eaten (Joel 2:25)
    • He restores the peace we have lost through sin
  • He acknowledges that we are His people
  • He gives us a foretaste of the Day of Judgment

David equate God’s refusal to answer his prayer with God’s rejection on Judgment Day (Psalm 28:1) 
To you I call, O LORD my Rock; Do not turn a deaf ear to me. For if you remain silent, I will be like those who have gone down to the pit.

Isaiah 3:10
Tell the righteous it will be well with them, for they will enjoy the fruit of their deeds.

Conclusion

How then shall we pray?

Praying the Jesus way requires us to be real (authentic) pray-ers, totally committed to the act of praying. This act of praying is in communion with God, and in asking Him for our needs.


Soli Deo Gloria